Terms comparison paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Terms comparison paper - Essay Example The subject of costs in economics is a trivial concern because as simple as it looks, costs assume many forms and applications. As conventionally defined, cost means the amount of money paid for a certain product or service. According to Encyclopedia Britannica (par. 1), cost â€Å"in common usage, (is) the monetary value of goods and services that producers and consumers purchase.† What make the concept of cost challenging in microeconomics is the diverse types or classifications attached to it. Since microeconomics encompass the study of the behavior of individuals, firms, and industries in terms of producing and consuming of economic goods and services, the concept of cost is relevant as it affects microeconomic activities of the units concerned. For consumers and individuals who are not familiar with the concepts of costs, one might have the tendency to discard this as irrelevant and immaterial. However, close examination of these underlying theories would enlighten consum ers on their effects on prices and quantities of goods which are normally offered to the public. This concept is also relevantly applicable to the health care industry. It is interesting to note that in economics, all costs are considered opportunity costs. As rationalized by Petroff (2002, par. 2), resources are usually indented for a particular purpose. When goods are produced using a definite resource, other goods could not be produced using the same raw materials. To use a practical application, for a consumer who decided to buy a television set, the opportunity cost could be the value of a trip to a nearby beach resort which was not taken due to the purchase. In health care, the concept of opportunity cost is best exemplified by the number of years in terms of lives saved and the improvement in the quality of life should monetary resources be spent on an alternative medical intervention suggested or recommended for a diagnosed health care procedure.

Essay --

Abortion is a controversial issue in the today’s society. There are many opinions on the view of abortion, whether it’s positive or negative depending on the individuals’ perspective. First of all what is Abortion? Abortion is a medical process where the foetus is removed or terminated from the womb of the mother before it is born. The reason why I chose the topic abortion is because I was fascinated to hear that an estimated 80,000 - 90,000 surgical abortions are performed in Australia each year (Garratt, 2009). I find this issue important to address because Abortion is probably the world's most common surgical procedure (Arthur, 1999) and that it is increasing over the years, to the extent that people would find it commonly natural to abort the unborn child. By examining sources in relation to the issue, its creditability is its upmost importance so that we are able to understand the issue of abortion with clear understanding and judge for ourselves whether i t’s right or wrong. Journal First Criteria: Peer Review I believe the journal article I have chosen is credible because, peer reviewed journals are considered as the basis of academic research and professional knowledge. They present information that is in a clear and concise fashion, as a result leading to a high level of credibility. Also, the care and effort it takes to develop a publishable manuscript means it can be months between the time research is conducted and the results are even submitted for publication (Solomon, 2007). This indicates that time and effort has been put in the journal article to make the information that is being conveying to the audience authentic and that only the highest quality of research is published. The journal article that I have chose... ...atistics that was established plays on the emotion of the audience as they feel sympathy for the large amount of women that had died because of their first pregnancy. Furthermore statistics also increases the credibility of the article in two ways. Firstly, using statistics establishes that extensive research has been done making the audience believe that the stats provided are factual and reliable. Secondly, using statistics from reliable sources such as World Health Organization rises the credibility of the article. The article that I have chosen is credible because the author John Flynn used statistic from different sources as well as quotes from experts to back up his statement, and also most importantly statistics sticks with the audience even after reading the article. Hence statistics are one important factor that makes an article credible and reliable.

Black Cat Essay

In Poe’s †The Black Cat†, the cat acts as an instrument of justice. The story illustrates that the narrator tortures his pets. Moreover, he kills his wife and the black cat brutally. He tries his best to hide the dead body of his wife. But when the second cat screams and reveals the body to the police officers , it brought about justice to narrator’s wife and all those animals whom narrator had tortured. Thus the cat indirectly punishes the narrator by revealing the dead body of his wife to the corps. To begin with, the narrator is portrayed as an evil-doer in the story and he deserves punishment for his crimes. For example, the he begins to suffer violent mood swings under the influence of alcohol.He takes to mistreating not only other animals but also his wife. During this uncontrollable rage he spares only Pluto(the black cat). One night when Pluto bites his hand, he cuts out one of the cat’s eyes. This shows his vengeful behaviour. He keeps on committing wrong just for the sake of wrong. Then, one night he hangs the cat from a tree , where it dies.Furthermore,one day when narrator and his wife are visiting the cellar , the second cat gets under his feet and nearly trips him down the stairs . In a fury, the man grabs an axe and tries to kill the cat but is stopped by his wife. Enraged, he kills her with the axe instead. These actions of narrator throw light upon his merciless and cruel nature. Moreover , he tries to escape from punishment and hides the dead body. Thus, the action of the cat in the end of the story is completely justified. In conclusion, the second cat ultimately serves as the facilitator of justice when it reveals the corpse’s hiding place at the end of tale. Its initial appearance on the top of a hogstead of rum emphasizes its moral purpose.

Harlem Renaissance Women Dreaming in Color

You may have heard of Zora Neale Hurston or Bessie Smith—but do you know of Georgia Douglas Johnson? Augusta Savage? Nella Larsen? These—and dozens more—were women of the Harlem Renaissance. Calling Dreams The right to make my dreams come trueI ask, nay, I demand of life,Nor shall fates deadly contrabandImpede my steps, nor countermand.Too long my heart against the groundHas beat the dusty years around,And now, at length, I rise, I wake!And stride into the morning break!Georgia Douglas Johnson, 1922 The Context It was the early twentieth century, and for a new generation of African Americans, the world had changed tremendously compared to the world of their parents and grandparents. Slavery had ended in America more than half a century earlier. While African Americans still faced tremendous economic and social obstacles in both the northern and southern states, there were more opportunities than there had been. After the Civil War (and beginning slightly earlier in the North), education for black Americans—and black and white women—had become more common. Many were still not able to attend or complete school, but a substantial few were able to attend and complete not only elementary or secondary school, but college. In these years, professional education slowly began to open up to blacks and women. Some black men became professionals: physicians, lawyers, teachers, businessmen. Some black women also found professional careers, often as teachers or librarians. These families, in turn, saw to the education of their daughters. When black soldiers returned to the United States from fighting in World War I, many hoped for an opening of opportunity. Black men had contributed to the victory; surely, America would now welcome these men into full citizenship. In this same period black Americans began moving out of the rural South and into the cities and towns of the industrial North, in the first years of the Great Migration. They brought black culture with them: music with African roots and story-telling. The general U.S. culture began adopting elements of that black culture  as its own. This adoption (and often-uncredited appropriation) was evidenced clearly in the new Jazz Age. Hope was slowly rising for many African Americans—though discrimination, prejudice, and closed doors on account of race and sex were by no means eliminated. In the early twentieth century, it seemed more worthwhile and possible to challenge those injustices: Perhaps the injustices could indeed be undone, or at least eased. Harlem Renaissance Flowering In this environment, music, fiction, poetry, and art in African American intellectual circles experienced a flowering that came to be called the Harlem Renaissance. This Renaissance, like the European Renaissance, included both an advancement of new art forms, while simultaneously going back to roots. This double motion generated tremendous creativity and action. The period was named for Harlem because the cultural explosion was centered in this neighborhood of New York City. Harlem was predominantly peopled by African Americans, more of whom were daily arriving from the South. The creative flowering reached other cities, though Harlem remained at the center of the more experimental aspects of the movement. Washington, D.C., Philadelphia, and to a lesser extent Chicago were other northern U.S. cities with large established black communities with enough educated members to dream in color too. The NAACP, founded by white and black Americans to further the rights of colored people, established its journal Crisis, edited by W. E. B. Du Bois. Crisis took on the political issues of the day affecting black citizens. And Crisis also published fiction and poetry, with Jessie Fauset as the literary editor. The Urban League, another organization working to serve city communities, published Opportunity. Less explicitly political and more consciously cultural, Opportunity was published by Charles Johnson; Ethel Ray Nance served as his secretary. The political side of Crisis was complemented by the conscious striving for a black intellectual culture: poetry, fiction, art that reflected the new race consciousness of The New Negro. The new works addressed the human condition as African Americans experienced it—exploring love, hope, death, racial injustice, dreams. Who Were the Women? Most of the well-known figures of the Harlem Renaissance were men: W.E.B. DuBois, Countee Cullen, and Langston Hughes are names known to most serious students of American history and literature today. And, because many opportunities that had opened up for black men had also opened up for women of all colors, African American women too began to dream in color—to demand that their view of the human condition be part of the collective dream. Jessie Fauset  not only edited the literary section of  The Crisis,  but she also hosted evening gatherings for prominent black intellectuals in Harlem: artists, thinkers, writers. Ethel Ray Nance and her roommate  Regina Anderson  also hosted gatherings in their home in New York City. Dorothy Peterson, a teacher, used her fathers Brooklyn home for literary salons. In Washington, D.C.,  Georgia Douglas Johnsons freewheeling jumbles were Saturday night happenings for black writers and artists in that city. Regina Anderson  also arranged for events at the Harlem public library where she served as an assistant librarian. She read new books by exciting black authors and wrote up and distributed digests to spread interest in the works. These women were integral parts of the Harlem Renaissance for the many roles they played. As organizers, editors, and decision-makers, they helped publicize, support, and thus shape the movement. But women also participated more directly. Indeed Jessie Fauset did much to facilitate the work of other artists: She was the literary editor of  The Crisis,  she hosted salons in her home, and she arranged for the first publication of work by the poet Langston Hughes. But Fauset also wrote articles and novels herself. She not only shaped the movement from the outside, but was an artistic contributor to the movement herself. The larger circle of women in the movement included writers like Dorothy West and her younger cousin,  Georgia Douglas Johnson,  Hallie Quinn,  and  Zora Neale Hurston; journalists like  Alice Dunbar-Nelson  and Geraldyn Dismond; artists like  Augusta Savage  and Lois Mailou Jones; and singers like Florence Mills,  Marian Anderson,  Bessie Smith, Clara Smith, Ethel Waters, Billie Holiday, Ida Cox, and Gladys Bentley. Many of these artists addressed not only race issues, but  gender  issues, as well—exploring what it was like to live as a black woman. Some addressed cultural issues of passing or expressed the fear of violence or the barriers to full economic and social participation in American society. Some celebrated black culture—and worked to creatively develop that culture. Nearly forgotten are a few white women who also were part of the Harlem Renaissance, as writers, patrons, and supporters.  We know more about the black men like W.E.B. du Bois and white men like Carl Van Vechten, who supported black women artists of the time, than about the white women who were involved. These included the wealthy dragon lady Charlotte Osgood Mason, writer Nancy Cunard, and Grace Halsell, journalist. Ending the Renaissance The Depression made literary and artistic life more difficult in general, even as it hit black communities harder economically than it hit white communities. White men were given even more preference when jobs became scarce. Some of the Harlem Renaissance figures looked for better-paying, more secure work. America grew less interested in African American art and artists, stories and story-tellers. By the 1940s, many of the creative figures of the Harlem Renaissance were already being forgotten by all but a few scholars specializing narrowly in the field. Rediscovery? Alice Walkers rediscovery of  Zora Neale Hurston  in the 1970s helped turn public interest back towards this fascinating group of writers, male and female. Marita Bonner was another nearly-forgotten writer of the Harlem Renaissance and beyond. She was a Radcliffe graduate who wrote in many of the black periodicals in the period of the Harlem Renaissance, publishing more than 20 stores and some plays.  She died in 1971, but her work was not collected until 1987. Today, scholars are working on finding more of the works of the Harlem Renaissance and rediscovering more artists and writers. The works found are a reminder not only of the creativity and vibrancy of those women and men who participated—but theyre also a reminder that the work of creative people can be lost, even if not explicitly suppressed, if the race or the sex of the person is the wrong one for the time. The women of the Harlem Renaissance—except perhaps for Zora Neale Hurston—have been more neglected and forgotten than their male colleagues, both then and now. To get acquainted with more of these impressive women, visit the  biographies of Harlem Renaissance women. Sources Beringer McKissack, Lisa. Women of the Harlem Renaissance.  Compass Point Books, 2007.Kaplan, Carla. Miss Anne in Harlem: The White Women of the Black Renaissance. Harper Collins, 2013.Roses, Lorraine Elena, and Ruth Elizabeth Randolph. Harlem Renaissance and Beyond: Literary Biographies of 100 Black Women Writers 1900–1945. Harvard University Press,1990.Wall, Cheryl A. Women of the Harlem Renaissance.   Indiana University Press, 1995.